布袋除塵器正壓除塵和負壓除塵的優(yōu)缺點：(1)正壓除塵系統(tǒng)，布袋除塵器 正壓式（又稱壓入式）除塵器內(nèi)部氣體壓力高于大氣壓力，正壓式 布袋 除塵器引風機安裝在除塵器含塵煙氣進口端，在除塵器墻體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生正壓力，易將含塵或腐蝕物煙氣導入除塵器，不易安裝在室內(nèi)，也不易處理毒性大的含塵煙氣 。

The advantages and disadvantages of positive pressure dust removal and negative pressure dust removal of bag filter: (1) Positive pressure dust removal system. The positive pressure (also known as pressure in type) dust collector has a gas pressure higher than atmospheric pressure inside. The positive pressure bag filter's induced draft fan is installed at the inlet of the dust containing flue gas in the dust collector, generating positive pressure inside the dust collector wall, which easily leads the dust containing or corrosive flue gas into the dust collector and is not easy to install indoors, It is also difficult to handle highly toxic dusty smoke.

但含塵或腐蝕物煙氣通過風機內(nèi)部，容易對風機造成損傷及磨損；正壓式袋式除塵器的特點是外殼結(jié)構(gòu)簡單輕便，密封性要求不高，造價低，且布置緊湊。

However, smoke containing dust or corrosive substances passing through the interior of the fan can easily cause damage and wear to the fan; The characteristics of positive pressure bag filter are simple and lightweight shell structure, low sealing requirements, low cost, and compact layout.

正壓除塵系統(tǒng)中的除塵器應設置在通風機之后。其特點如下。

The dust collector in the positive pressure dust removal system should be installed after the ventilation fan. Its characteristics are as follows.

①由于除塵器設置在通風機后，含塵氣體未經(jīng)除塵器凈化先流過通風機，通風機的葉輪和機殼極易遭粉塵磨損。因此正壓除塵系統(tǒng)只適用于氣體含塵濃度小于3g/m3，粉塵磨損性弱、力度小的情況。

① Due to the dust collector being installed behind the ventilation fan, the dusty gas flows through the fan before being purified by the dust collector, and the impeller and casing of the fan are easily worn by dust. Therefore, the positive pressure dust removal system is only suitable for situations where the gas dust concentration is less than 3g/m3, the dust wear is weak, and the force is small.

②由于除塵器處于通風機的正壓段，不必考慮除塵器的漏風率，通風機電耗較低。

② Due to the fact that the dust collector is located in the positive pressure section of the ventilation fan, there is no need to consider the air leakage rate of the dust collector, resulting in lower mechanical and electrical consumption of the ventilation system.

③除塵器的維護結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，如正壓袋式除塵器的維護結(jié)構(gòu)不需要密封，只需采取防雨措施即可；設備制造與安裝簡便，造價低。

③ The maintenance structure of the dust collector is simple, for example, the maintenance structure of the positive pressure bag filter does not need to be sealed, only rainproof measures need to be taken; Equipment manufacturing and installation are simple and cost-effective.

④除塵器有一定的消聲作用，通風機出口側(cè)可不設消聲器；有利節(jié)約除塵系統(tǒng)占地，減少初始投資。

④ Dust collectors have a certain degree of noise reduction effect, and silencers may not be installed on the outlet side of ventilation fans; Beneficial for saving space for dust removal systems and reducing initial investment.

(2)負壓除塵系統(tǒng)，布袋除塵器的 負壓式（又稱吸入式）：負壓式 布袋 除塵器引風機安裝在除塵器凈化氣體出口端，通過負壓將含塵或腐蝕物煙氣引入除塵器內(nèi)部進行凈化，通過風機內(nèi)部的為凈化后氣體。一般含塵濃度_過3g/m?，粒度較粗，磨琢性強，硬度大的粉塵均選用負壓式。

(2) Negative pressure dust removal system, also known as suction type of bag dust collector: The negative pressure bag dust collector's induced draft fan is installed at the outlet of the purified gas in the dust collector, and the smoke containing dust or corrosive substances are introduced into the dust collector for purification through negative pressure. The purified gas is obtained through the fan. General dust concentration_ Over 3g/m?, Dust with coarse particle size, strong grinding ability, and high hardness is selected as negative pressure type.

負壓式 布袋 除塵器的突出優(yōu)點是可使風機免受粉塵磨損，但對外殼的結(jié)構(gòu)強度和密閉性要求高。排放的氣體有強腐蝕性，應該選擇負壓袋式除塵器，這樣腐蝕性氣體好控制，不易泄漏，好稀釋。脈沖除塵器按過濾方向：內(nèi)濾式、外濾式，按進氣口位置：分下進風布袋除塵器和上進風布袋除塵器。

The prominent advantage of negative pressure bag filter is that it can protect the fan from dust wear, but it requires high structural strength and airtightness of the shell. The emitted gas has strong corrosiveness, and a negative pressure bag filter should be selected. This way, the corrosive gas is easy to control, not easy to leak, and easy to dilute. The pulse dust collector is divided into two types according to the filtering direction: internal filtering and external filtering. According to the position of the air inlet, it is divided into a lower inlet bag dust collector and an upper inlet bag dust collector.

負壓除塵系統(tǒng)中的除塵器應設置在通風機之前。其特點如下。

The dust collector in the negative pressure dust removal system should be installed before the ventilation fan. Its characteristics are as follows.

①由于除塵器設置在通風機前，大大降低了氣體的含塵濃度，使通風機的受磨損程度顯著減低，運行壽命增長，因此負壓除塵系統(tǒng)可以處理初始濃度高的含塵氣體。

① Due to the dust collector being installed in front of the ventilation fan, the dust concentration of the gas is greatly reduced, resulting in a significant reduction in the wear and tear of the ventilation fan and an increase in its operating life. Therefore, the negative pressure dust removal system can handle high initial concentration of dust containing gas.

②由于除塵器和管道處于通風機的負壓段，容易吸入空氣，產(chǎn)生漏風(漏風率可達5％～10％)，因此加大了通風機的風量，增加了電耗。

② Due to the fact that the dust collector and pipeline are located in the negative pressure section of the ventilation fan, it is easy to inhale air and cause air leakage (with a leakage rate of 5% to 10%), which increases the air volume of the ventilation fan and increases power consumption.

對于選用正壓除塵系統(tǒng)還是負壓除塵系統(tǒng)，應該具體視除塵氣體的特點而定。

Whether to choose a positive pressure dust removal system or a negative pressure dust removal system should depend on the characteristics of the dust removal gas.

常用的除塵設備有一下幾種，機械式除塵設備，洗滌式除塵設備，過濾式除塵設備，靜電除塵設備，磁力除塵 設備，下面我們具體來分項介紹一下。

There are several commonly used dust removal equipment, including mechanical dust removal equipment, washing dust removal equipment, filtering dust removal equipment, electrostatic dust removal equipment, and magnetic dust removal equipment. Below, we will introduce them separately.

1、機械式除塵設備：機械式除塵設備包括重力除塵設備、離心除塵設備和慣性除塵設備。

1. Mechanical dust removal equipment: Mechanical dust removal equipment includes gravity dust removal equipment, centrifugal dust removal equipment, and inertial dust removal equipment.

2、洗滌式除塵設備：洗滌式除塵設備包括水浴式除塵設備、泡沫式除塵設備，文丘里管除塵設備、水膜式除塵設備 等。

2. Washing dust removal equipment: Washing dust removal equipment includes water bath dust removal equipment, foam dust removal equipment, Venturi tube dust removal equipment, water film dust removal equipment, etc.

3、過濾式除塵設備：過速式除塵設備除塵機理類似于口置，是通過過濾材料對空氣中的飛灰顆粒進行機械攔截來實 現(xiàn)的，另先收到的飛灰顆粒在濾料表面形成了一層粘稠的穩(wěn)定的灰層，稱為濾餅或慮床，它又起了很好的過濾作 用。

3. Filter type dust removal equipment: The dust removal mechanism of the over speed dust removal equipment is similar to that of an oral device, which is achieved by mechanically intercepting fly ash particles in the air through filter materials. In addition, the first received fly ash particles form a thick and stable ash layer on the surface of the filter material, called a filter cake or filter bed, which plays a good filtering role.

4、靜電除塵設備：靜電除塵設備的工作原理是煙氣通過電除塵設備主體結(jié)構(gòu)前的煙道時，使其煙塵帶正電荷，然后 煙氣進入設置多層陰極板的電除塵設備通道。

4. Electrostatic dust removal equipment: The working principle of electrostatic dust removal equipment is that when the smoke passes through the flue in front of the main structure of the electrostatic dust removal equipment, the smoke carries a positive charge, and then the smoke enters the channel of the electrostatic dust removal equipment with multiple cathode plates.

5、磁力除塵設備：磁力除塵設備原理是利用導電線圈產(chǎn)生磁場，吸附磁性顆粒，主要用于鋼鐵等工業(yè)廢氣。

5. Magnetic dust removal equipment: The principle of magnetic dust removal equipment is to use conductive coils to generate a magnetic field and adsorb magnetic particles, mainly used for industrial waste gas such as steel.

很常用的除塵設備就是布袋除塵設備和濾簡除塵設備 布袋除塵設備主要布袋除塵設備（袋式除塵器、布袋除塵器）的工作機理是含塵煙氣通過過濾材料，塵粒被 過濾下來，過濾材料捕集粗粒粉塵主要靠慣性碰撞作用，捕集細粒粉塵主要靠擴散和篩分作用。布袋除塵設備除塵 效果的優(yōu)劣與多種因素有關(guān)，但主要取決于濾料。布袋除塵器的濾料就是合成纖維、天然纖維或玻璃纖維織成的布 或氈。根據(jù)需要再把布或氈縫成圓簡或扁平形除塵濾袋。根據(jù)煙氣性質(zhì)，選擇出適合于應用條件的濾料。通常，在 煙氣溫度低于120℃，要求濾料具有耐酸性和耐久性的情況下，常選用滌綸絨布和滌綸針刺氈；在處理高溫煙氣 （<250C）時，主要選用石墨化玻璃絲布。

The commonly used dust removal equipment includes bag dust removal equipment and filter dust removal equipment. The main working mechanism of bag dust removal equipment (bag filter, bag dust collector) is that the dust containing flue gas passes through the filter material, and the dust particles are filtered out. The filter material mainly captures coarse dust particles through inertial collision, while capturing fine dust particles mainly relies on diffusion and screening. The dust removal effect of bag dust removal equipment is related to various factors, but mainly depends on the filter material. The filter material of a bag filter is a cloth or felt woven from synthetic fibers, natural fibers, or glass fibers. Sew the cloth or felt into round or flat dust removal filter bags as needed. Select filter media suitable for application conditions based on the properties of the flue gas. Usually, when the flue gas temperature is below 120 ℃ and the filter material is required to have acid resistance and durability, polyester velvet cloth and polyester needle punched felt are often used; When dealing with high-temperature flue gas (<250C), graphite glass fiber cloth is mainly used.