一般來說，任何使用壓縮空氣（可以是正壓或負壓）作為動力的運輸方法都被稱為“氣力輸送系統(tǒng)”。因此，在氣力輸送的分類方面，我們也可以根據(jù)其工作壓力進行分類，今天小編將有關正壓和負壓輸送的特點及優(yōu)缺點給大家詳細介紹下。

　　Generally speaking, any transportation method that uses compressed air (which can be positive or negative pressure) as power is called a "pneumatic conveying system". Therefore, in terms of the classification of pneumatic conveying, we can also classify it according to its working pressure. Today, the editor will give you a detailed introduction to the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of positive pressure and negative pressure conveying.

　　氣力輸送方式說明

　　Description of pneumatic conveying method

　?、僬龎狠斔停ㄒ话愎ぷ鲏毫υ?.15～0.7MPa之間）。②負壓輸送（一般工作壓力在－0.020MPa以下）。③微正壓輸送（一般工作壓力在0～0.15MPa之間）。實際上，微正壓輸送也屬于正壓輸送，但由于其工作壓力較低,其工作形式接近于負壓輸送。

　?、?Positive pressure conveying (generally working pressure between 0.15 and 0.7 MPa). ② Negative pressure conveying (generally working pressure below -0.020 MPa). ③ Micro positive pressure conveying (generally working pressure between 0 and 0.15 MPa). In fact, micro positive pressure conveying also belongs to positive pressure conveying, but due to its lower working pressure, its working form is close to negative pressure conveying.

　　正壓氣力輸送系統(tǒng)

　　Positive pressure pneumatic conveying system

　　正壓氣力輸送優(yōu)點01

　　Advantages of positive pressure pneumatic conveying 01

　　由于其正壓輸送，理論上所需的工作壓力僅取決于壓縮機提供的壓力和輸送管道的壓力阻力。因此，當將介質(zhì)輸送到長距離（超過200米）時，必須使用正壓輸送。02

　　Due to its positive pressure conveying, the theoretical required working pressure depends only on the pressure provided by the compressor and the pressure resistance of the conveying pipeline. Therefore, when transporting media over long distances (exceeding 200 meters), positive pressure conveying must be used. 02

　　由于向輸送系統(tǒng)供應空氣的空氣壓縮機具有一定的增壓特性，因此可以達到最大排氣壓力。在運輸過程中，即使它們的運輸條件略有變化，它們?nèi)匀豢梢员３终５倪\輸，因此系統(tǒng)具有很大的適應性。03

　　Due to the pressurization characteristics of the air compressor supplying air to the conveying system, the maximum exhaust pressure can be achieved. During transportation, even if their transportation conditions change slightly, they can still maintain normal transportation, so the system has great adaptability. 03

　　在運輸過程中，由于材料被密封在加壓管道中，即使在泄漏點，外部空氣和雨水也不會侵入內(nèi)部材料，確保了運輸材料的質(zhì)量。04

　　During transportation, due to the material being sealed in a pressurized pipeline, even at leakage points, external air and rainwater will not invade the internal material, ensuring the quality of the transported material. 04

　　大顆粒和高密度材料也可以在適當?shù)那闆r下運輸。也就是說，它對材料具有廣泛的適應性。05

　　Large particles and high-density materials can also be transported under appropriate conditions. That is to say, it has a wide range of adaptability to materials. 05

　　在運輸過程中，可以有多個卸料點。因此，一條輸送管道可以進入多個接收倉庫。06

　　During transportation, there can be multiple unloading points. Therefore, a conveying pipeline can enter multiple receiving warehouses. 06

　　物料分離器結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，只要通過簡單擴容就能使料、氣分離。

　　The structure of the material separator is simple, and material and gas can be separated by simply expanding the capacity.

　　正壓氣力輸送系統(tǒng)

　　Positive pressure pneumatic conveying system

　　正壓氣力輸送缺點01

　　Disadvantages of positive pressure pneumatic conveying 01

　　在近距離（小于100米）輸送時，能耗相對較高。02

　　When transporting at close range (less than 100 meters), energy consumption is relatively high. 02

　　發(fā)送端設備（倉泵系統(tǒng)）復雜，不能多點進料。當需要多點進料時，必須采用耐磨損的專用閥門進行切換。03

　　The sending device (bin pump system) is complex and cannot be fed from multiple points. When multiple feeding points are required, wear-resistant specialized valves must be used for switching. 03

　　由于運輸過程中工作壓力大，所有發(fā)送端都處于關閉狀態(tài)，因此一般只能間歇性運輸，不能連續(xù)運輸。04

　　Due to the high working pressure during transportation, all sending ends are in a closed state, so it can only be transported intermittently and cannot be transported continuously. 04

　　物料的含水率對輸送影響較大。05

　　The moisture content of materials has a significant impact on transportation. 05

　　供氣系統(tǒng)較復雜。一般要對壓縮空氣進行油、水、雜質(zhì)的分離。

　　The gas supply system is quite complex. Generally, compressed air needs to be separated from oil, water, and impurities.

　　負壓氣力輸送系統(tǒng)

　　Negative pressure pneumatic conveying system

　　負壓氣力輸送優(yōu)點01

　　Advantages of negative pressure pneumatic conveying 01

　　可以由多點集中向一點輸送。02

　　It can be transported from multiple points to a single point. 02

　　由于發(fā)送端結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，因此對于發(fā)送端不需要有較大的空間。03

　　Due to the simple structure of the sender, there is no need for a large space for the sender. 03

　　能夠連續(xù)輸送。04

　　Capable of continuous transportation. 04

　　在運輸過程中，由于管道內(nèi)部是負壓，即使設備上有孔隙，材料也不會向外擴散，不會污染環(huán)境。05

　　During transportation, due to the negative pressure inside the pipeline, even if there are pores on the equipment, the material will not diffuse outward and will not pollute the environment. 05

　　即使在發(fā)生故障時，在發(fā)送端也不易產(chǎn)生粉塵飛揚。06

　　Even in the event of a malfunction, dust is not easily generated at the sending end. 06

　　在發(fā)送端，氣體通常不會進入上部料倉。因此，裝料口或投料口通?？梢蕴幱诖蜷_狀態(tài)。

　　At the sending end, gas usually does not enter the upper silo. Therefore, the loading or feeding port can usually be in an open state.

　　負壓氣力輸送系統(tǒng)

　　Negative pressure pneumatic conveying system

　　負壓氣力輸送缺點01

　　Disadvantages of negative pressure pneumatic conveying 01

　　由于絕對壓差的確定，無法進行遠距離運輸，理論上最大運輸距離不能超過200米。02

　　Due to the determination of absolute pressure difference, long-distance transportation cannot be carried out, and theoretically the maximum transportation distance cannot exceed 200 meters. 02

　　在同一輸送量下，負壓輸送管道較正壓輸送的管道要粗。03

　　At the same conveying capacity, negative pressure conveying pipelines are thicker than positive pressure conveying pipelines. 03

　　接收端的料、氣分離裝置結(jié)構(gòu)較復雜，要求密閉不得漏氣。04

　　The structure of the material and gas separation device at the receiving end is complex and requires sealing without air leakage. 04

　　運輸過程中對各種參數(shù)的要求很嚴格，如果系統(tǒng)參數(shù)略有變化，運輸就無法順利進行。05

　　The requirements for various parameters during transportation are very strict, and if there are slight changes in system parameters, transportation cannot proceed smoothly. 05

　　一般不能進行多點卸料，當有多個接收庫時該系統(tǒng)就無法滿足要求或系統(tǒng)變得很復雜。06

　　Generally, multi-point unloading is not possible, and when there are multiple receiving warehouses, the system cannot meet the requirements or becomes very complex. 06

　　由于輸送時流速較高,對管道的磨損較大。07

　　Due to the high flow rate during transportation, there is significant wear on the pipeline. 07

　　當以高流速輸送時，由于氣體處理能力大，集塵器的體積變大，同時還承受著大的負壓，這需要大量的空間和鋼材消耗，增加了投資和成本。08

　　When transported at high flow rates, due to the large gas processing capacity, the volume of the dust collector increases and it also bears a large negative pressure, which requires a lot of space and steel consumption, increasing investment and cost. 08

　　由于是多個下料點通過一根管道和一套接收裝置，故只要有一處發(fā)生故障,整個系統(tǒng)只能停止。

　　Due to multiple feeding points passing through a pipeline and a set of receiving devices, the entire system can only stop if a fault occurs at one point.

　　小編總結(jié)一下：在電廠粉煤灰氣力輸送系統(tǒng)中，由于負壓輸送存在以上缺點，所以目前還是以正壓輸送為主；當然負壓輸送在近幾年來也在不斷地應用，但一般用在小系統(tǒng)上（如粉煤灰分選等），從電除塵器灰斗至灰?guī)斓恼麄€系統(tǒng)，在實際投入應用的還不多見。用戶可根據(jù)實際應用情況做出最合適的選擇。

　　Editor's summary: In the power plant fly ash pneumatic conveying system, due to the above disadvantages of negative pressure conveying, positive pressure conveying is still the main method at present; Of course, negative pressure conveying has also been continuously applied in recent years, but it is generally used in small systems (such as fly ash sorting). The entire system from the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper to the ash silo is not yet widely used in practical applications. Users can make the most suitable choice based on their actual application situation.

　　本文由 氣力輸送系統(tǒng)  友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://www.aesw.org.cn/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from the pneumatic conveying system For more related knowledge, please click http://www.aesw.org.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.